SAE 1018
Grade Introduction:
There are many different categories of steel, and carbon steels are one such category that contains 0.12 to 2% carbon in them. The steel gains hardness and strength with heat treatment when the carbon percentage content increases; however its ductility is reduced.
SAE 1018 carbon steel is a free machining grade that is the most commonly available grade around the world. Although its mechanical properties are not very unique, it still can be easily formed, machined, welded and fabricated.
Grade Application
SAE 1018 carbon steel is commonly used in high volume screw machine parts applications. The other applications of this alloy are as follows:
- Shafts
- Spindles
- Pins
- Rods
- Sprocket assemblies.
Addition to other grades
MS, EN1A, EN3B, EN8, EN8D, EN9, EN19, EN24, EN31, EN32B, EN36C, EN41B, EN43B, EN47, EN353, IS2062, 42Crmo4, HCHCR, D2, D3, H-11, H-13, CW-1, OHNS, M2, M35, M42, DIN1.2714, P20, P20+S, P20+Ni, SCM420, ASTMSA-36, ASTMSA-105, SAE1018, SAE4140, SAE8620, 16MNCR5, 20MNCR5, C20, C45, C50, C60, CK45, 20C8, 40C8, 45C8, 55C8, C55MN75, SAE52100, S40C, S355J2G3.
Equivalent Grades
| AMS 5069 | ASTM A29 | ASTM A512 | ASTM A611 (D-1) | ASTM A635 |
| AMS 5069A | ASTM A510 | ASTM A794 | ASTM A519 | ASTM A544 |
| ASTM A108 | ASTM A513 | ASTM A830 | ASTM A545 | ASTM A548 |
| ASTM A549 | ASTM A659 | SAE J412 | SAE J1397 | MIL S-11310 (CS 1018) |
| ASTM A576 | SAE J403 | SAE J414 | MIL J-1397 | MIL J-403 |
| MIL J-412
|
Our Supply Range
We supply to automotive ancillaries and OEM customers. The products we manufacture are used as input for manufacturing of automotive and general engineering components. These components are further assembled into systems fitted in automobiles and other engineering applications.
| Product Type | Size Range |
|---|---|
| Forged Round Bars | 140mm Dia to 850mm |
| Rolled Round Bars | 16mm Dia and above |
| Forged Flat Bars | Thickness: 32mm to 510mm, Width: 65mm to 1050mm |
| Rolled Flat Bars | Thickness: 6mm to 110mm, Width: 25mm to 510mm |
Chemical Composition
The following table shows the chemical composition of SAE 1018 steel:
| Element | C | Mn | P | S | Fe |
| Carbon(%) | 0.15-0.20 | 0.60-0.90 | 0.04 Max | 0.05 Max | Balance |
Mechanical Properties
| Properties | Metric | Imperial |
| Tensile strength | 440 MPa | 63800 psi |
| Yield strength | 370 MPa | 53700 psi |
| Modulus of elasticity | 205 GPa | 29700 ksi |
| Shear modulus (typical for steel) | 80 GPa | 11600 ksi |
| Poisson’s ratio | 0.29 | 0.29 |
| Elongation at break (in 50 mm) | 15% | 15% |
| Hardness, Brinell | 126 | 126 |
| Hardness, Knoop (converted from Brinell hardness) | 145 | 145 |
| Hardness, Rockwell B (converted from Brinell hardness) | 71 | 71 |
| Hardness, Vickers (converted from Brinell hardness) | 131 | 131 |
| Machinability (based on AISI 1212 steel. as 100 machinability) | 70 | 70 |
Hardness
126
Heat Treatment
SAE 1018 carbon steel can be case hardened to Rc 42, but only in thin sections. In case of thicker sections of over 4 in., Rc 28-30 can be obtained.
Hardening
This grade of steel is not normally subjected to hardening and tempering treatments as the hardness obtained from such treatments would not warrant they’re being performed. Carburizing might be carried out at 1620-1690ºF (880-920ºC,) and carbonitriding at 1470 -1600ºF (800-875ºC.)
Hardening of the carburized case would be performed at 1430-1500ºF (780-820ºC) followed by a water quench and a tempering treatment at 300-400ºF (150-200ºC) to improve case toughness with a minimum effect on its hardness. Case hardness values of Rc 58 may be obtained on carburized C1018.
Tempering
- AISI 1018 mild/low carbon steel is tempered at between 150°C – 200°C for improvement of case toughness. This process has little or no effect on hardness.
- The occurrence of grinding cracks is reduced when AISI 1018 mild/low carbon steel is tempered at the above-mentioned temperature.
Normalizing
AISI 1018 mild/low carbon steel should be heated at 890°C – 940°C and then cooled in still air.
Machinability
Machinability is good, rated at 80% that of the AISI 1112 alloy used as a 100% machining rated steel.
Physical Properties
| Properties | Metric | Imperial |
| Density | 7.87 g/cm3 | 0.284 lb/in3 |
Thermal Properties
| Properties | Metric | Imperial |
| Thermal conductivity | 51.9 W/mK | 360 BTU in/hr.ft2.°F |
Forging Properties
Forging of SAE 1018 carbon steel can take place in the range of 996-1260°C (1825-2300°F).
Stress Relieving
500°C – 700°C is required to relieve stress in AISI 1018 mild/low carbon steel that is later cooled down in still air.
Density
| Density | 7.87 g/cm3 | 0.284 lb/in3 |
Annealing
Complete annealing of this alloy can be achieved by soaking at 899°C (1650°F) followed by furnace cooling. Process annealing can be done at 649°C (1200°F).
Welding
SAE 1018 carbon steel can be welded using most of the conventional methods such as gas, oxyacetylene, resistance, and submerged melt welding.
Supply Cities
Ambattur, Bangalore, Chennai, Coimbatore, Dindigul, Guindy, Madurai, Nellore, Hyderabad, Tirupur, Tuticorin, Madurai, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Puducherry, Kerala, Kanyakumari, Telangana, Salem, Thanjavur, Trichy, Erode, Vellore, Karur, Nagercoil, Kanchipuram, Karaikudi, Pudukottai, Nagapattinam.
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