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Grade Introduction:

P20 is an alloy tool steel which offers good machine ability even in the hardened and tempered (Brinell 300) condition. This steel gives an excellent polished finish and is one of the most widely accepted specifications for machine cut plastic molds and casting dies. P20 is often supplied in the hardened and tempered condition ready for machining. In this condition it gives excellent wear resistance but if maximum surface hardness is required for compression molding plastic dies or similar tools, the steel can be case hardened or nitride. For better machinability a higher Sulphur version P20S is available. For improved through hardenability in larger sections we also offer 1.2738 P20N

 

Grade Application:

P20 tool steel is ideally suited for the production of plastic molds. Typical applications include die holders, zinc die casting dies, backers, bolsters and injection molds. The versatility of P20 tool steel with its high tensile characteristics enables uses for a variety of other applications such as shafts, rails and wear strips.

 

Equivalent grades:

Country	USA	German	GB/T
Standard	ASTM A681	DIN EN ISO 4957	GB/T 1299
Grades	P20	1.2311	3Cr2Mo

 

Addition to other grades:

MS, EN1A, EN3B, EN8, EN8D, EN9, EN19, EN24, EN31, EN32B, EN36C, EN41B, EN43B, EN47, EN353, IS2062, 42Crmo4, HCHCR, OHNS, D2, D3, H-11, H-13, CW-1, M2, M35, M42, 2714, SKD-11, P20+S, P20+Ni, SCM 420, ASTM SA-36, ASTM SA-105, SAE 1018, SAE 1020, SAE 4140, SAE 8620, 16MNCR5, 20MNCR5, C20, C35, C40, C45, C50, C60, CK45, 20C8, 40C8, 45C8, 55C8, C55MN75, SAE 52100, S40C, S355J2G3.

 

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Chemical composition:

The following table shows the chemical composition of P-20 steel:

Element	C	Si	Mn	P	S	Cr	Mo	Cu
Content (%)	0.28-0.40	0.20-0.80	0.60-1.00	0.03	0.03	1.40-2.00	0.30-0.55	0.25

 

Mechanical Properties:

The mechanical properties of P20 tool steels are displayed in the following table.

Properties	Metric	Imperial
Hardness, Brinell (typical)	300	33
Hardness, Rockwell C (typical)	30	30
Tensile strength, ultimate	965-1030 MPa	140000-150000 psi
Tensile strength, yield	827-862 MPa	120000-125000 psi
Elongation at break (in 50 mm (2″))	20.0%	20.0%
Compressive strength	862 MPa	125000 psi
Charpy impact (V-Notch)	27.1-33.9 J	20.0-25.0 ft-lb
Poisson’s ratio	0.27-0.30	0.27-0.30
Elastic modulus	190-210 GPa	27557-30457 ksi

 

Heat treatment:

P20 tool steels are heated to 871-899°C (1600-1650°F) in the carburizing medium during the carburizing process. After being carburized, these steels are heated to 816-871°C (1500-1600°F) in order to be hardened and then held for 15 minutes and finally oil quenched.

 

Hardening:

Heat the steel uniformly to 820-840°C until heated through. Quench in oil.

 

Tempering:

Heat uniformly and soak at the tempering temperature for at least one hour per 25mm of section. Allow to cool in still air.

Temperature [°C]	100	200	300	400	500	600
Hardness [HRc]	51	50	48	46	42	36
Tensile [N/mm²]	1730	1670	1570	1480	1330	1140

 

Physical Properties:

The following table shows the physical properties of P20 tool steels.

Properties	Metric	Imperial
Density	7.85 g/cc	0.284 lb/in3

 

Thermal Properties:

The thermal properties of P20 tool steels are given in the following table.

Properties		Conditions
		T (°C)	Treatment
Thermal expansion	12.8 x 10-6/ºC	20-425	–

 

Forging Properties:

Heat slowly, allowing sufficient time for the steel to become heated through. Begin forging at 1050°C. Do not forge below 930°C reheating if necessary. After forging, cool very slowly.

 

Stress Relieving:

When dies are heavily machined, we recommend stabilizing just before finish machining in order to relieve machining strains. Heat to 460-500°C. Soak well and allow to cool in the air.

 

Normalizing:

900°C.

 

Annealing:

Heat uniformly to 770-790°C.  Soak well, cool slowly in the furnace. 

 

Density:

Properties	Metric	Imperial
Density	7.85 g/cc	0.284 lb/in3

 

Machinability:

P20 tool steels have excellent machinability at about 80% that of water hardening steels.

 

Welding:

Conventional methods are used for welding of P20 tool steels.

 

Supply Cities:

Ahmedabad, Amaravathi, Ambattur, Bangalore, Belgaum, Chennai, Chittoor, Coimbatore, Dindigul, Mysore, Nellore, Hyderabad, Kochi, Mangalore, Tirupur, Tuticorin, Madurai, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Puducherry, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Salem, Thanjavur, Trichy, Erode, Vellore, Ranipet, Sivakasi, Karur, Hosur, Nagercoil, Kanchipuram, Karaikudi, Neyveli, Cuddalore, Kumbakonam, Thiruvannamalai, Pollachi, Rajapalayam, Gudiyatham, Pudukottai, Vaniyambadi, Ambur, Nagapattinam, Trivandrum, Vijayawada, Guntur, Thirupathi, Nazarathpet, Kakinada, Kurnool, Kadapa, Nizamabad, Mahabubnagar, Karimnagar.